1639(?) Capel Family by Cornelius Johnson (National Portrait Gallery, London)
This family portrait by Cornelis Johnson of the Capels shows the girls in wide collars and the matron wearing a wide covering lace collar.
Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen is known in the English-speaking world as the painter "Cornelius Johnson." This is one of his works. According to Wikimedia, the people are (from l. to r.): Arthur Capel 1st Earl of Essex (1631-1683), his father Arthur Capel 1st Baron Capel (1604-1649), Henry Capel 2nd Baron Capel (1638-1896), Elizabeth, Lady Capel (died 1661), Charles Capel (died 1657), Elizabeth Countess of Carnarvon (1633-1678), and Mary Duchess of Beaufort. Arturn Capel's Wikipedia article is here. Like many aristocrats, he was involved in the Civil War.
Mrs. Capel is dressed modestly and behind the times, wearing a two-tiered cape trimmed with lace to conceal her bodice, but her daughters are also dressed wearing lace collars that were démodé for about five years.
Keywords: 1639, Johnson, British, Baroness, Countess, Duchess, Capel family, cape, collar, lace, headdress, jeweled headdress, high neckline, square neckline, bertha, jacket bodice, bows, elbow length puffed sleeves, back flared cuffs, full skirt, necklace, earrings, brooch, clasp